Refrigerating system



Dec. l, 1931. J. A. TILLINGHAs-r REFRIGERATING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 23, 1928 Patented Dec. l," 1931 JAMES A. TILLINGHAST, F PROVIDENCE, B HODE 'ISLAND BEIBIGERATING SYSTEK appueauon mea :february as, 192s. serial xo. ssassa.

This invention is a device b meansof which the air within an enclose s ace may be cooled to an approximatel uni orm temperature, without danger of reezing articles which may be stored within said space.

One of the objects ofthe invention is to provide for the employment of a refrigerant' which is normally colder than ice, in such a manner that refrigerants of the type men- 0 tioned may be employed for reducing the temperatures within refrigerator cars, cold stor age chambers and the like, without danger of freezing the articles stored therein. A further object is to make provision for the 5 production of ice by the use of a refrigerant which is normally colder than ice, and to utilize the ice so produced not only7 as a refrigerating medium, but also as an insulation to protect the space beingcooled rfrom being 0 subjected to the excessive cooling effect which would normally be produced by the refrigerant if used alone.'

The invention will be hereinafter fully set dforth and particularly pointed `out in the 5 claims. l

In the accompanying drawings Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 are sectional views respectively, illustrating various forms of refrigerating devices constructed in accord- 0 ance with the invention.

Referring to the drawings, each form of the invention embodies a refrigerator consisting of a chamber 10, closed at both ends by walls 11. Said chamber is suitably sup- 5- orted in any desired manner, for instance,

y means of the wall 12, which may be a'wall or partition formingV art of a refrigerator car, cold storage cham er, or any other space to be cooled. Extending longitudinally through the chamber 10 is a conduit 13, which may be connected with any suitable source from which refrigerant may be supplied, said conduit 13 forming a part of the circulating system not shown) for said refrigerant. The refrigerant may consist of carbonio acid gas, and other gases compressed to ali uid or solid state, but the invention is not limited thereto. In practice, the space within chamber 10 and surroundingthe conduit 13 is filled with water which will be frozen by the action of the refrigerant passing thro h the conduit 13. The jacket of ice whic sur' rounds the conduit 13 serves to lower the temperature of the space in which the chamber is located, and at the same time this ice will act-as an insulator against the cold refri erant getting into the said space. It is obvious that the temperature to be produced within the space to be cooled will vary in accordance with any variation in the dimensions of the device employed.

In the form illustrated in Figure l, the end walls 11 are constructed of suitable expansion material, so as, to compensate for the expansion which takes place within the chamber 10 during the formation of the ice.

.In .Figure 2, the modification consists in substituting in lieu of the end heads 11 of expansible material, a plurality of partitions 14 of expansible material, said partitions hav- .ing openings to permit water to flow freely through them before the freezing operation takes place. In Figure 3, a tubular expansion member 15 is substituted for.A the expansion members of Figures 1 and 2. And in Figure 4, granular expansion material 16 is shown as located within the chamber 10, and free to move around in the water so as to compensate for the expansion during the formation of the ice.

Having thus, explained the nature of the invention and described an operative manner of constructing and using the same, althou h without attempting to set forth all'- of t e forms in which it may be made, or al1 of the forms of its use7 what is claimed is 1. A refrigeration device of the character described comprising a refrigerator conduit in combination with means for preventin excess refrigeration in the space to be coole said means consisting of a chamber through which said conduit extends, means providing an insulating jacket of ice filling said chamber and enclosing said conduit, and expansion means within the chamber to compensate for ex ansion therein during the formation of said ice jacket.

2. A refrigeration device of the character described comprising a refrigerator conduit in combination with means for preventing excess refrigeration in the space to be cooled, said means consisting of a chamber through which said conduit extends, and means providing an insulating jacket of ice for said conduit within said chamber, said chamber being provided with end walls of expansion material extending into the chamber to compensate for the expansion which takes place therein during formation of said ice jacket.

3.y A refrigeration device of the character described comprising a refrigerator conduit in combination with means for preventing excess refrigeration in the space to be cooled, said means consisting of a chamber through which said conduit extends, means providing an insulating jacket of ice filling said chamber and enclosing said conduit, and spaced apart perforated partitions of expansible material located within and distributed through said chamber so as to compensate for expansion during the formation of said ice jacket.

4. A refrigeration device of the character described comprising a refrigerator conduit in combination with means for preventino' excess refrigeration in the space to be coole said means consisting of a chamber through which said conduit extends, means providing an insulating jacket of ice filling said chamber and enclosing said conduit, and a tubular member of expansible material located Within said chamber and surrounding said conduit so as to compensate for eXpans1on within said chamber duringv the formation of said ice jacket.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

' JAMES A. TILLINGHAST. 

